| Images |
chapter |
| alanine |
5 |
| glycine |
1,5 |
| valine |
1,5 |
| leucine |
5 |
| isoleucine |
5 |
| phenylalanine |
1,5 |
| tryptophan |
5 |
| methionine |
5 |
| cysteine |
5 |
|
proline
|
5 |
| serine |
1,5 |
|
theonine
|
5 |
|
tyrosine
|
5 |
|
asparagine
|
5 |
| glutamine |
1,5 |
|
aspartate
|
5 |
|
glutamate
|
5 |
|
histidine
|
5 |
| lysine |
1,5 |
|
arginine
|
5 |
|
dipeptide
|
5 |
|
amino acid root structure
|
1,5 |
|
thyroxine
|
5 |
|
indole acetic acid
|
5 |
|
gamma-amino butyric acid)
|
1,5 |
|
serotonin
|
5 |
|
melatonin
|
5 |
|
Met-Enkephalin
|
1 |
|
collagen
|
5 |
|
four levels of protein structure
|
5 |
|
alpha-methyl glucoside
|
7 |
|
beta-methyl glucoside
|
7 |
|
gluconate
|
7 |
|
gluconate
|
7 |
|
glucarate
|
7 |
|
ribose
|
1,7 |
|
arabinose
|
7 |
|
xylose
|
7 |
|
lyxose
|
7 |
|
erythrose
|
7 |
|
threose
|
7 |
|
glucose
|
1,7 |
|
galactose
|
7 |
|
mannose
|
7 |
|
fructose
|
1,7 |
|
alpha glucopyranose
|
7 |
|
beta glucopyranose
|
7 |
|
alpha fructofuranose
|
7 |
|
beta fructofuranose
|
7 |
|
gluconolactone
|
7 |
|
glucuronolactone
|
7 |
|
D-glyceraldehyde
|
5,7 |
|
L-glyceraldehyde
|
5,7 |
|
dihydroxyacetone
|
7 |
|
Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)
|
7, 10 |
|
Deoxyribose
|
7 |
|
ribofuranose
|
7 |
|
L-fucose
|
7 |
|
L-galactose
|
7 |
|
alpha-D-glucosamine
|
7 |
|
alpha-D-galactosamine
|
7 |
|
N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine
|
7 |
|
maltose
|
7 |
|
sucrose
|
7 |
|
lactose
|
7 |
|
cellobiose
|
7 |
|
Oligosachharide of a Glycoprotein
|
7 |
|
Amylose (Starch)
|
7 |
|
Chondroitin Sulfate
|
7 |
|
Hyaluronic Acid
|
7 |
|
N-acetylneuraminic acid
|
7 |
|
alpha-D-glucuronate
|
7 |
|
beta-L-iduronate
|
7 |
|
disulfide (cystine)
|
5 |
|
4-hydroxyproline
|
5 |
|
5-hydroxylysine
|
5 |
|
titration of alanine
|
3, 5 |
|
titration of glutamic acid
|
5 |
|
oxytocin
|
5 |
|
bradykinin
|
5 |
|
Neuropeptide Y
|
5 |
|
Normal Hemoglobin
|
5 |
|
Sickle-Cell Hemoglobin
|
5 |
|
alpha helix
|
5 |
|
beta sheet
|
5 |
|
four helix bundle of myohemerythrin
|
5 |
|
alpha beta barrel of triosephosphate isomerase
|
5 |
|
beta barrel of avidin
|
5 |
|
zinc finger domain
|
5 |
|
leucine zipper domain
|
5 |
|
EF hand domain of calmodulin
|
5 |
|
hydrophobic interaction in tertiary structure
|
1, 3,5 |
|
electrostatic interaction in tertiary structure
|
3,5 |
|
hydrogen bond in tertiary structure
|
3,5 |
|
disulfide bridge in tertirary tertiary structure
|
5 |
|
silk fibroin
|
5 |
|
heme
|
5 |
|
oxygen binding site of hemoglobin
|
5 |
|
myoglobin
|
5 |
|
cholera toxin
|
5 |
|
oxyhemoglobin
|
5 |
|
deoxyhemoglobin
|
5 |
|
chymotrypsin
|
6 |
|
chymotrypsinogen
|
6 |
|
lysozyme
|
6 |
|
hexokinase structure
|
6 |
|
NAD+
|
6 |
|
NADH
|
6 |
|
NADP+
|
6 |
|
NADPH
|
6 |
|
riboflavin
|
6 |
|
FMN
|
6 |
|
FMNH2
|
6 |
|
FAD
|
6 |
|
FADH2
|
6 |
|
chymotrypsin active site
|
6 |
|
alcohol dehydrogenase active site
|
6 |
|
hexokinase reaction
|
1,4 |
|
phosphoglucose isomerase
|
4 |
|
phosphofructokinase-1
|
4 |
|
aldolase
|
8 |
|
triosephosphate isomerase
|
8 |
|
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
|
8 |
|
phosphoglycerate kinase
|
8 |
|
phosphoglycerate mutase
|
8 |
|
enolase
|
1,8 |
|
pyrvate kinase
|
4,8 |
|
anaerobic metabolism
|
8 |
|
gluconeogenesis
|
8 |
|
other reactions of sugar metabolism
|
8 |
|
transketolase
|
8 |
|
transaldolase
|
8 |
|
regulation of glycogen phosphorylase
|
8 |
|
glucose-6-phosphate
|
1,4,8 |
|
fructose-6-phosphate
|
4,8 |
|
fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
|
4,8 |
|
dihyroxyacetone phosphate
|
8 |
|
glyceradehyde-3-phosphate
|
8 |
|
glycerate-1,3-bisphosphate
|
8 |
|
glycerate-3-phosphate
|
8 |
|
glycerate-2-phosphate
|
1,8 |
|
phosphoenolpyruvate
|
1,4,8 |
|
pyruvate
|
4,8 |
|
lactate
|
8 |
|
ethanol
|
1,8 |
|
acetaldehyde
|
8 |
|
oxaloacetate
|
8 |
|
galactose
|
8 |
|
galactose-1-phosphate
|
8 |
|
UDP galactose
|
8 |
|
UDP glucose
|
8 |
|
glucose-1-phosphate
|
8 |
|
glycogen
|
7, 8 |
|
ribose-5-phosphate
|
8 |
|
sedoheptulose-7-phosphate
|
8 |
|
xylulose-5-phsophate
|
8 |
|
erythrose-4-phospate
|
8 |
|
glycogen phosphorylase (R-form)
|
8 |
|
glycogen phosphorylase (T-form)
|
8 |
|
citrate
|
9 |
|
isocitrate
|
9 |
|
alpha-ketoglutatarate
|
9 |
|
succinyl-CoA
|
9 |
|
succinate
|
9 |
|
fumarate
|
1,9 |
|
malate
|
1,9 |
|
oxaloacetate
|
9 |
|
coenzyme A
|
9 |
|
pantothenic acid
|
9 |
|
beta-mercaptoethylamine
|
9 |
|
acetyl-CoA
|
9 |
|
lipoic acid
|
9 |
|
dihydrolipoic acid
|
9 |
|
acetyl lipoic acid
|
9 |
|
adenine
|
1 |
|
guanine
|
1 |
|
thymine
|
1 |
|
cytosine
|
1 |
|
uracil
|
1 |
|
adenosine
|
17 |
|
guanosine
|
17 |
|
cytidine
|
17 |
|
uridine
|
17 |
|
deoxythymidine
|
17 |
|
AMP
|
17,18 |
|
GMP
|
17,18 |
|
UMP
|
17,18 |
|
CMP
|
17,18 |
|
dTMP
|
17,18 |
|
dAMP
|
17,18 |
|
dGMP
|
17,18 |
|
cCMP
|
17,18 |
|
DNA
|
1,17,18 |
|
A-T base pair
|
1,17,18 |
|
G-C base pair
|
1,17,18 |
|
tRNA
|
17,19 |
|
anticodon
|
17,19 |
|
ferredoxin
|
10 |
|
Fe2S2 center
|
10 |
|
Fe4S4 center
|
10 |
|
atp synthase
|
10 |
|
coenzyme Q
|
10 |
|
cytochrome C
|
10 |
|
cytochrome oxidase
|
10 |
|
gramicidin
|
10 |
|
myristic acid
|
11 |
|
palmitic acid
|
1,11 |
|
palmitate
|
1,11 |
|
stearic acid
|
11 |
|
arachidic acid
|
11 |
|
palmitoleic acid
|
11 |
|
oleic acid
|
1,11 |
|
linoleic acid
|
11 |
|
linolenic acid
|
11 |
|
arachadonic acid
|
11 |
|
triacylglycerol
|
1,11 |
|
phosphatidylcholine (lecithin)
|
1,11 |
|
phosphatidylserine
|
11 |
|
phosphatidylethanolamine (cephalin)
|
11 |
|
phosphatidylinositol
|
11 |
|
phosphatidylglycerol
|
11 |
|
phosphoglycerides
|
11 |
|
amphipathic polar lipids
|
2,11 |
|
retinal
|
10,11 |
|
lipid bilayer
|
2,11 |
|
bacteriorhodopsin
|
11 |
|
membrane protein
|
2,11 |
|
sphingosine
|
11 |
|
ceramide
|
11 |
|
cerebroside
|
11 |
|
cholesterol
|
11 |
|
estradiol
|
11 |
|
cholic acid
|
11 |
|
testosterone
|
11 |
|
steroid ring system
|
11 |
|
isoprene
|
11 |
|
isoprene unit
|
11 |
|
carvone
|
11 |
|
vitamin K1 (phylloquinone)
|
11 |
|
beta carotene
|
10,11 |
| ATP |
1,4 |
| ADP |
1,4 |