Glossary

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

above-the-line expenses All the expenses of movie production that occur before actual production begins, such as story rights, script, salaries for the director and cast, and production fees.

acoustics The term for the way sound travels and reverberates through a building or venue.

affiliate A group of television networks.

affinity sport A sport that is less popular than traditional sports, but that inspires passionate support from fans. Example: bass fishing, rodeo.

agent A person who represents an athlete, actor, or other celebrity, particularly in contract and licensing negotiations.

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amateur athlete Any athlete who does not get paid for playing a sport.

ambush marketing Advertising for an event without actually sponsoring the event, such as during an event's radio broadcast; also called stealth marketing.

amphitheater Any theater in the shape of an arc, with seating that gradually rises as it gets farther from the stage, creating excellent acoustics, usually outdoors.

arena An indoor stadium usually used for basketball and hockey, and entertainment such as concerts.

arena football Football played indoors on a basketball-court-sized field, without clock stoppages.

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bandwidth A technical term that describes the amount of data a communication channel can handle at any one time.

below-the-line expenses All the expenses of movie production that occur after actual production begins, such as music rights, publicity, and the trailer.

bowl game Championship football games played by invited teams at the end of the collegiate football season.

broadcast web A group of television networks, production studios, and related entertainment companies that make television shows to be shown on their networks.

charity tournament A tournament or sports event held as a fund-raiser for a charitable organization.

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clickstream data Data collected each time an Internet user clicks a mouse on an Internet page.

club A small indoor venue, usually a bar, that hosts music performances, usually with a dance floor.

collective bargaining A process through which a group of employees negotiates as a single unit with management or team ownership.

college sports Sports played entirely by students actively enrolled in colleges and universities.

collegiate Describing college-level sports.

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conference A group of sports teams from a similar region and level of play.

convention center A large indoor venue with many rooms that can be used for meetings and usually one or more very large rooms that can be set up in different ways to accommodate trade shows of different sizes.

cookie A small, non-executable data file that allows a Web site to track a visitor and collect data.

costume designer On a movie or television production, the person responsible for designing and overseeing construction or purchase of all clothing worn by every member of the cast.

couch potato A person who prefers to sit on the couch and relax, usually watching TV, rather than participating in recreation or sports.

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culture travel Travel that focuses on cultural events such as theater, live music, or historical or natural resources.

cybercast A broadcast of a live entertainment or sports event over the Internet.

direct to video A process by which a movie is released on video without first being screened in theaters.

director The person with final authority over the creative aspects of a film or television production, and who directs the actors and the rest of the crew.

director of photography The chief photographer on a movie, responsible for camera angles, lighting, focal points, and other visual aspects.

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distributor A company or organization responsible for distributing a movie to theaters and other exhibitors or sellers, either on film, video, DVD, or other format.

e-commerce Sales of products or services over the Internet.

ecotourism Travel aimed at helping people enjoy the outdoors, enjoy nature tours, and observe wildlife, usually in foreign countries.

Emmy The award presented for work in television, presented by the Academy of Television Arts and Sciences.

endorsement Public expression of support for a product, event, service, person, or organization, provided by a person or organization, usually for a fee.

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entertainment Anything that people are willing to spend money to watch, rather than participate in.

ESPN An all-sports television network.

e-tickets Travel tickets that allow someone to travel without carrying a paper ticket; usually purchased over the Internet.

evergreen Any product that remains popular and valuable year after year.

feature film A movie that is at least an hour long and intended for theatrical release.

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feature presentation The main movie to be presented during a screening.

focus group A small group of people invited to a sneak preview of a movie in order to gauge their reaction to a film, sometimes affects final editing of a movie.

gaffer The chief lighting technician on a television or movie set.

Grammy The award presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences.

grip The person on a movie or television set responsible for adjusting and positioning the production equipment.

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gross impression The number of times per advertisement, game, or show that a product or service is associated with an athlete, team, or entertainer.

hype Overzealous praise and advertising; common for big-budget films.

independent film Movies created without the backing of a major film studio.

intermission A break in the middle of a live performance, usually lasting 10 to 15 minutes, during which the audience can leave their seats.

license A legal agreement allowing someone to reproduce a team's logo or an individual's name or likeness in marketing in exchange for money.

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location manager On a movie or television production, the person responsible for finding suitable locations in which to film.

luxury suites Private boxes in stadiums that provide luxurious seating in a private room, often complete with a private bar and catering service.

MLB Major League Baseball; the league for professional baseball.

MP3 A free software program that allows digital reproduction of music.

MPAA Motion Picture Association of America. The organization that provides certificates for films and rates films for appropriateness for a certain audience.

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NBA National Basketball Association; the major league for professional basketball.

NCAA National Collegiate Athletic Association. The governing body of collegiate athletic programs.

NFL National Football League; the major league for professional football.

niche travel Travel that focuses on recreational activities or a specific interest such as golf or adventure sports.

oater A Western; a movie set in the pre-Civil War U.S. west.

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opening weekend The weekend when a movie first plays in theaters; often foretells the movie's eventual success.

Oscar The nickname for an Academy Award; the award presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

P&A Prints and advertising; refers to the cost of producing the actual projectable version of a film and its advertisements.

PBA Professional Bowlers Association, the acknowledged major league for bowling.

performing arts Refers to live theater, music, and dance.

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personal seat license A process by which a person buys from a sports team the right to buy season tickets.

PGA Tour The major league of professional golf.

players' associations Labor unions of professional sports players.

postproduction All aspects of film production that occur after filming, including sound editing, video editing, and visual effects.

premiere The first official public screening of a movie, often a gala event with many celebrities.

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preview A short film created to promote a film or television show. Also called a trailer.

producer The person with financial control and responsibility for a movie or television production.

product placement The act of negotiating agreements to place branded products in a movie or television production in order to gain exposure for the product and build brand identity.

production designer The person responsible for the basic physical look of a movie or television production, including overseeing set construction, choosing locations, and overseeing wardrobe.

professional athlete Any athlete who is paid for playing a sport, particularly an athlete who makes their living by sports.

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prop master Officially the property master, this is the person responsible for all the movable items, props, on a movie or television set.

recreational activities Activities not associated with educational institutions, including travel, tourism, and amateur sports.

recreation marketing Marketing related to recreational activities, such as golf, tennis, hiking, and biking.

return The profit from a sports or entertainment event or from sponsorship.

royalty A sum paid to an individual or group in exchange for using their name or likeness in marketing.

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sampling Including a sample of one artist's music on a recording for another artist.

scout A person who locates athletes who might potentially be recruited for a college or professional sports team.

screening The showing of a film, either in a public or private theater.

script analysis A very early stage in the development of a television or movie production which involves reviewing a script to determine if it can be made into a successful production and determining its target audience.

self-indulgence travel Luxury travel that usually includes gourmet food and excellent hotels and resorts.

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sequel A movie that continues the story or characters presented in a previously filmed movie.

set decorator The person on a movie or television production who is responsible for all the fixed things on the set, such as carpet, curtains, and furniture.

sneak preview An unannounced screening of a movie before its official premiere.

spectator Any person who watches, but does not participate in, a sporting or entertainment event.

sponsor Any individual, business, or other organization that provides money, products, or services to an event, person, or organization, in exchange for public recognition.

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sports camp A summer camp where children learn sports techniques and skills in an intensive environment, often from professional athletes.

sports clinic A one or two-day intensive event in which students concentrate on a specific sports skill, or in which beginners get an introduction to a new sport.

sports marketing Using sports to market products.

sports franchise A sports team, particularly the ownership of the team.

spring training Pre-season training for professional baseball teams, usually in warm climate areas such as Arizona and Florida.

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stadium A very large outdoor venue, usually built to accommodate football, with seating for as many as 110,000 people.

stealth marketing Advertising for an event without actually sponsoring the event, such as advertising during an event's radio broadcast; also called ambush marketing.

supporting feature A feature film that appears prior to (on a double-bill) a feature presentation.

theme park An entertainment venue that includes rides, restaurants, activities, and attractions, woven around a theme such as celebrity or characters.

Tony The award presented for excellence in live theater, given by the American Theater Wing.

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trailer A short film created to promote a film or television show; also called a preview.

unit publicist The publicity director, the member of a production crew in charge of promoting a movie.

university venue Any venue located on the campus of a college or university.

venue Any site where a sporting or entertainment event takes place.

vertical integration The condition when a company owns several areas of the same industry. In entertainment, this can refer to owning production and broadcast companies.

wide release Describes a movie that is shown in more than 2,000 theaters nationwide.

WNBA Women's National Basketball Association. The major league of professional women's basketball.

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