Educational Psychology: Effective Teaching, Effective Learning by Elliott, Kratochwill, Littlefield Cook & Travers
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Psychosocial and Moral Development

Learning about social and moral development in students can enhance teacher-learner interactions. Erikson's eight stages of psychosocial development provide a structure for analyzing the crises and transitions in students' lives. By understanding the characteristics of children and adolescents at each stage, educators can use empowerment strategies that enhance students' confidence and ego development. In addition, Kohlberg proposes structured stages of moral development, which can also be translated into classroom practice. Other forces that influence psychosocial and moral development include changes in family structures, high divorce rates, day care settings, and poverty and homelessness.

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