Once you've decided whether you should obtain medical clearance before making a change in your exercise program, the next step is to assess your current level of physical fitness. The tests presented here will enable you to make a relatively simple assessment of cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular endurance, and flexibility. The results from these tests can help show you what to focus on as you develop a fitness program.

Part I. Cardiorespiratory Endurance

1.5-Mile Run-Walk Test

Don't attempt this test unless you have completed at least 6 weeks of some type of conditioning activity and, if indicated by Wellness Worksheet 67, have obtained medical clearance. You may want to practice pacing yourself prior to taking the test to avoid going too fast at the start and becoming fatigued before you finish. Allow yourself a day or two to recover from your practice run before taking the test. Before beginning this test, warm up with some walking, easy jogging, and stretching exercises.

1. Ask someone with a stopwatch, clock, or watch with a second hand to time you.
2. Take the test on a running track or course that is flat and provides measurements of up to 1.5 miles. Cover the distance as fast as possible, at a pace that is comfortable for you. You can run or walk the entire distance or use some combination of running and walking.
3. Note the time it takes you to complete the 1.5-mile distance. Your time: : (minutes:seconds)
4. Cool down by walking or jogging slowly for about 5 minutes.
5. Determine the rating for your score by consulting the table below. If you are unable to complete the entire 1.5 miles, consider yourself very poor in CRE.

Standards for the 1.5-Mile Run-Walk Test (minutes: seconds)

SOURCES: Formula for maximal oxygen consumption taken from McArdle, W. D., F. I. Katch, and V. L. Katch. 1991. Exercise Physiology: Energy, Nutrition, and Human Performance. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, pp. 225-226. Ratings based on norms from the Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research, Dallas, Texas, The Physical Fitness Specialist Manual, revised 1993. Used with permission.

12-Minute Wheelchair Performance Test

1. Warm up before taking the test. Take the test on a track or course that is flat and provides exact distance measurements in miles.
2. Travel at a steady pace, as fast as possible without undue fatigue, for the entire 12 minutes. Cool down after the test is over.
3. Record the distance you traveled in miles, using a decimal figure. Distance traveled: miles

Ratings for the 12-Minute Wheelchair Performance Test

SOURCE: Franklin, B. A., et al. 1990. Field test estimation of maximal oxygen consumption in wheelchair users. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 71: 574-578.

Part II. Muscular Strength and Endurance

The 60-Second Sit-Up Test

Do not take this test if you suffer from low-back pain. To prepare, try a few sit-ups to get used to the proper technique and warm up your abdominal muscles.

1. Lie flat on your back on the floor with knees bent, feet flat on the floor, and your fingers interlocked behind your neck. Your partner should hold your ankles firmly so that your feet stay on the floor as you do the sit-ups.
2. When someone signals you to begin, raise your head and chest off the floor until your elbows touch your knees or thighs, then return to the starting position. Keep your neck neutral. Do not force your neck forward, and stop if you feel any pain.
3. Perform as many sit-ups as you can in 60 seconds. Number of sit-ups:

Ratings for the 60-Second Sit-Up Test

Number of Sit-Ups
Men	Very Poor	Poor	Fair	Good	Excellent	Superior
Age: Under 20	Below 36	36-40	41-46	47-50	51-61	Above 61
20-29	Below 33	33-37	38-41	42-46	47-54	Above 54
30-39	Below 30	30-34	35-38	39-42	43-50	Above 54
40-49	Below 24	24-28	29-33	34-38	39-46	Above 46
50-59	Below 19	19-23	24-27	28-34	35-42	Above 42
60 and over	Below 15	15-18	19-21	22-29	30-38	Above 38

Number of Sit-Ups
Women	Very Poor	Poor	Fair	Good	Excellent	Superior
Age: Under 20	Below 28	28-31	32-35	36-45	46-54	Above 54
20-29	Below 24	24-31	32-37	38-43	44-50	Above 50
30-39	Below 20	20-24	25-28	29-34	35-41	Above 41
40-49	Below 14	14-19	20-23	24-28	29-37	Above 37
50-59	Below 10	10-13	14-19	20-23	24-29	Above 29
60 and over	Below 3	3-5	6-10	11-16	17-27	Above 27

SOURCE: Based on norms from the Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research, Dallas, Texas, The Physical Fitness Specialist Manual, revised 1993. Used with permission.

The Push-Up Test

In this test, you will perform either standard push-ups or modified push-ups, in which you support yourself with your knees. The Cooper Institute developed the ratings for this test with men performing push-ups and women performing modified push-ups.

1. For push-ups: Start in the push-up position with your body supported by your hands and feet. For modified push-ups: Start in the modified push-up position with your body supported by your hands and knees. For both positions: your arms and your back should be straight and your fingers pointed forward.
2. Lower your chest to the floor with your back straight, then return to the starting position.
3. Perform as many push-ups or modified push-ups as you can without stopping. Number of push-ups: or number of modified push-ups:

Ratings for the Push-Up and Modified Push-Up Tests

SOURCE: Based on norms from the Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research, Dallas, Texas, The Physical Fitness Specialist Manual, revised 1993. Used with permission.

Part III. Flexibility

Sit-and-Reach Test

For this test, use a modified Wells and Dillon flexometer or construct your own measuring device using a firm box or two pieces of wood 12 inches high attached at right angles to each other. Place the box or wood device against a wall and attach a metric ruler to measure the extent of reach. With the low numbers of the ruler toward the person being tested, set the 26-centimeter mark of the ruler at the footline of the box. (Individuals who cannot reach as far as the footline will have scores below 26 centimeters; those who can reach past their feet will have scores above 26 centimeters.)

1. 1. Warm up your muscles with a low-intensity activity such as walking, and then perform slow stretching movements.
2. 2. Remove your shoes and sit facing the flexibility measuring device with your knees fully extended and your feet flat against the device about 4 centimeters apart.
3. 3. Reach as far forward as you can, with palms down, arms evenly stretched, and knees fully extended; hold the position of maximum reach for about 2 seconds.
4. 4. Perform the stretch two times, recording the maximum reading to the nearest 0.5 centimeters: cm.

Ratings for Sit-and-Reach Test

*Footline is set at 26 cm.

A Summary of Your Fitness