Nation of Nations 3/e Davidson, Gienapp, Heyrman, Lytle, and Stoff
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KEY EVENTS

1850 Clayton-Bulwar Treaty: requires Anglo-American role in building an Isthmus canal

1867 Patrons of Husbandry ("Grange") founded: soon becomes the voice of the farmer

Alaska acquired: part of William Seward’s plan for a Far Eastern empire of markets

1869 Prohibition Party founded: created to outlaw alcohol

Massachusetts establishes first regulatory commission: first such state commission created

1874 Greenback Party organized: promotes the use of "greenbacks," paper money not redeemable in gold

Women's Christian Temperance Union formed: combats drinking alcohol

1875 First Farmers' Alliance organized: Texans start to unite farmers

1877 Munn v. Illinois establishes the right of states to regulate private property in the public interest: a victory for the Granger movement, states permitted to legislate warehouse and intrastate traffic rates

1881 President James Garfield assassinated

Chester Arthur sworn in as president

Booker T. Washington founds Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute in Alabama: all-black vocational school

1887 Interstate Commerce Commission created: federal agency for regulating trade across state lines

1889 First Pan-American Congress: Blaine attempts to organize trade between the U.S. and Latin America

1890 National Woman Suffrage Association created: formed as a national organization to promote the vote for women

Sherman Anti-Trust Act: Congress outlaws business combinations that restrain trade

Wyoming enters the Union as the first state to give women the vote

Sherman Silver Purchase Act: U.S. buys silver to back its currency

McKinley Tariff: U.S. tariffs reach an all-time high, reciprocity provision allows president to lower tariffs when other nations do the same

Southern and Northwestern Alliances adopt Ocala Demands: Alliances agree on platform and win numerous elections

Mahan’s The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 1660-1783 published: Mahan’s arguments important to the creation of a modern U.S. navy

1892 Populist Party formed: organized by Farmers Alliance and other reform groups

Grover Cleveland elected president

1893 Panic of 1893: the overexpanded economy plummets into a 4-year depression

Sherman Silver Purchase Act repealed

Anti-Saloon League created: prohibition movement grows

Controversy over annexation of Hawaii: sugar planters seek annexation by the U.S. but Hawaii’s nationalist queen Liliuokalani refuses

1894 "Coxey's Army" marches on Washington to demand public works for unemployed: led by Jacob Coxey, 400 people march from Ohio

1895 National Municipal League founded: reformers organize to attack the political corruption in city governments and urban blight

Venezuelan boundary dispute: provokes Anglo-American tensions

Marti revives Cuban revolution: patriot returns from U.S. to fight Spanish rule

1896 League for the Protection of the Family organized: promotes the interests of families

William McKinley elected president: defeats Democrats and Populists to usher in three decades of Republican control of the White House

1898 Sinking of the USS Maine: diplomatic crisis between U.S. and Spain

War with Spain

Teller Amendment: denies imperial goals in China

Dewey captures the Philippines: demonstration of U.S. naval power

Tampa riots: racism directed at black troops preparing to fight in Cuba

Treaty of Paris: U.S. gets control of Philippines and Puerto Rico, grants Cuba independence

Hawaii formally annexed

Anti-Imperialist League established: organization opposes annexation of the Philippines

1898-1902 Philippine insurrection: Emilio Aguinaldo leads a war for independence against the U.S.

1899 First open-door notes: Secretary of State Hay seeks U.S. trading privileges in China

1900 Boxer Rebellion: uprising of Chinese nationalists

Second open-door note: asks foreign powers to respect Chinese Sovereignty

Foraker Act establishes civil government in Puerto Rico

1903 W.E.B. DuBois’ The Souls of Black Folk published: DuBois calls for black action

1909 National Association for the Advancement of Colored People founded: DuBois and other black and white leaders establish the organization

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