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Psychology: Concepts and Applications 3e Halonen | |||||
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Psychology: Concepts and Applications 3e Halonen | |||||
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Learning Center
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Glossary: E |
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| eardrum | |
| The part of the ear that vibrates when sound waves hit it (Ch. 4) | |
| echoic memory | |
| Memory which stores information coming from the ears (Ch. 7) | |
| eclectic approach to therapy | |
| An approach to therapy that uses techniques taken from a variety of treatment methods, rather than just one (Ch. 17) | |
 ego
|
|
| The part of the personality that provides a buffer between the id and the outside world (Ch. 14) | |
| egocentric
thought |
|
| A way of thinking in which the child views the world entirely from his or her own perspective (Ch. 12) | |
| ego-integrity-versus-despair stage | |
| According to Erikson, a period from late adulthood until death during which we review life’s accomplishments and failures (Ch. 13) | |
| electroconvulsive
therapy (ECT) |
|
| A procedure in which an electric current of 70 to 150 volts is briefly administered to a patient’s head, causing a loss of consciousness and often seizures (Ch. 17) | |
| embryo | |
| A developed zygote that has a heart, a brain, and other organs (Ch. 12) | |
| emotions | |
|
Feelings that generally have both physiological and cognitive elements and that influence behavior (Ch. 10) |
|
| endocrine
system |
|
| A chemical communication network that sends messages throughout the nervous system via the bloodstream (Ch. 3) | |
| episodic
memory |
|
| Memory for the biographical details of our individual lives (Ch. 7) | |
| erectile failure | |
| The inability of a male to achieve or maintain an erection (Ch. 11) | |
| erogenous zones | |
| Areas of the body that are particularly sensitive because of the presence of an unusually rich array of nerve receptors (Ch. 11) | |
| estrogen
|
|
| Female sex hormone (Ch. 11) | |
| evolutionary psychology | |
| The branch of psychology that seeks to identify behavior patterns that are a result of our genetic inheritance from our ancestors (Ch. 3) | |
| excitatory message | |
|
A chemical secretion that makes it more likely that a receiving neuron will fire and an action potential will travel down its axons (Ch. 3) |
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| excitement phase | |
|
The point at which an arousing stimulus begins a sequence that prepares the genitals for sexual intercourse (Ch. 11) |
|
| existential therapy | |
|
A humanistic approach that addresses the meaning of life and human freedom (Ch. 17)) |
|
| experiment | |
|
The investigation of the relationship between two (or more) factors by deliberately producing a change in one factor in a situation and observing the effects of that change on other aspects of the situation (Ch. 2) |
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| experimental bias | |
|
Factors that distort an experimenter’s understanding of how the independent variable affected the dependent variable (Ch. 2) |
|
| experimental group | |
|
Any group receiving a treatment (Ch. 2) |
|
| experimental manipulation | |
|
The change that an experimenter deliberately produces in a situation (Ch. 2) |
|
| explicit memory | |
|
Intentional or conscious recollection of information (Ch. 7) |
|
| extinction |
|
|
One of the basic phenomena of learning that occurs when a previously conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears (Ch. 6) |
|
| extramarital sex | |
|
Sexual activity between a married person and someone who is not his or her spouse (Ch. 11) |
|
| extrinsic motivation | |
|
Motivation by which people participate in an activity for a tangible reward (Ch. 10) |
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