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Psychology, 5/e Wortman, Loftus & Weaver | |||||
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Psychology, 5/e Wortman, Loftus & Weaver | |||||
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1. Is too little stress as dangerous as too much?
Perhaps not “as dangerous,” but too little stress can be detrimental, too. In common usage, “stress has taken on negative connotations. But some stress is useful. Stress leads us to make changes in our environment: for example, “pain” is a type of stress, and triggers actions to reduce pain. But pain is often an indication that our current environment is unhealthy or dangerous. Without this kind of stress we would not be motivated to leave (or change) our current unhealthy environment.
2. I have recently seen a lot of bare-chested, “buff” mean in advertisement. Are men beginning to succumb to the same eating disorders that have historically plagued women?
Men are becoming influenced by these unrealistic idealized images, but they do not usually lead to eating disorders. Instead, men are becoming increasingly likely to use muscle-enhancing substances like anabolic steroids to achieve the “buff” look.
Anabolic steroid use can lead to devastating consequences: liver and kidney failure, atrophy of the testicles, and reduction in sperm count and motility, to name but a few. Furthermore, the use of anabolic steroids is often accompanied by an increase in aggression. In fact, an astonishing number of world-class body builders have been involved in violent and often fatal encounters, often with other body builders.
By the way, though definitive studies have not conclusively shown that the substance androstendione, the supplement used (legally) by Mark McGwire (and many other athletes), is detrimental, there can be little doubt it can cause problems similar to those caused by other anabolic steroids.
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