U

unconditional positive regard In Carl Rogers’ humanistic treatment, acceptance and support that a therapist would give to a client regardless of what he or she said or did. 16

unconditioned response (UR) A response elicited by an unconditioned stimulus without any form of learning. 6

unconditioned stimulus (US) A stimulus that elicits an unconditioned response without any form of learning. 6

underextension The phenomenon that occurs when a young child uses a general term in a very limited situation. For example, the word dog is used to describe the family pet but not the neighbor’s dog. 9

utility The value one places on potential outcomes in a decision-making situation. 8