b) Unit fractions: To change 175 mg to grams, use the relationship 1000 mg 1 g. 175 mg 1 g 1000 mg 175 mg 1 1 g 1000 mg Divide out the unit of milligrams. 175 g 1000 Multiply. 0.175 g Simplify. So, 175 mg 0.175 g. (This is approximately 0.006 oz.) Metric Conversion Chart: Start at mg on the metric conversion chart and move three places to the left to get to g. Move the decimal point three places to the left. 175. mg .175 g Put the decimal point at Move the decimal point the end of the number. three places to the left. Therefore, 175 mg 0.175 g. Are you writing out the examples as you read them? YOU TRY 4 Change to the indicated unit using unit fractions and using the metric conversion chart. a) The tablet contains 200 mg of ibuprofen. Change milligrams to grams. b) The refrigerator weighs 91 kg. Change kilograms to grams. 5 Distinguish Between the Different Metric Units Now that we have learned the metric units for length, capacity, and weight (mass), let’s learn how to determine which metric unit should be used to measure certain quantities. Remember that the basic unit of measurement for length is meter, the basic unit of measurement for capacity is liter, and the basic unit of measurement for weight (mass) is gram. Fill in the blank with the appropriate metric unit. Use m, mm, cm, km, L, mL, g, mg, or kg. a) Trent bought a 1.5 - carton of orange juice. b) The CD case is 14 wide. c) The dog weighs 21 . Solution a) Trent bought a 1.5-L carton of orange juice. (This is about 0.4 gal.) To measure an amount of a liquid, we use a unit of capacity. Use liters instead of milliliters because milliliters would be too small: 1.5 mL 0.0004 gal. b) The CD case is 14 cm wide. (14 cm 5.5 in.) Use centimeters because it is the appropriate unit of length. 14 km is too large (14 km 8.7 mi) and 14 mm is too small (14 mm 0.0055 in.). EXAMPLE 5 www.mhhe.com/messersmith SECTION 7.3 The Metric System: Capacity and Weight (Mass) 595
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