64 Chapter 2 Graphical Summaries of Data Table 2.13 Percentage of Population Aged 65 and Over, by State Alabama 14.1 Alaska 8.1 Arizona 13.9 Arkansas 14.3 California 11.5 Colorado 10.7 Connecticut 14.4 Delaware 14.1 District of Columbia 11.5 Florida 17.8 Georgia 10.2 Hawaii 14.3 Idaho 12.0 Illinois 12.4 Indiana 12.7 Iowa 14.9 Kansas 13.4 Kentucky 13.1 Louisiana 12.6 Maine 15.6 Maryland 12.2 Massachusetts 13.7 Michigan 12.8 Minnesota 12.4 Mississippi 12.8 Missouri 13.9 Montana 15.0 Nebraska 13.8 Nevada 12.3 New Hampshire 12.6 New Jersey 13.7 New Mexico 14.1 New York 13.6 North Carolina 12.4 North Dakota 15.3 Ohio 13.7 Oklahoma 13.8 Oregon 13.0 Pennsylvania 15.5 Rhode Island 14.1 South Carolina 13.6 South Dakota 14.6 Tennessee 13.3 Texas 10.5 Utah 9.0 Vermont 14.3 Virginia 12.4 Washington 12.2 West Virginia 16.0 Wisconsin 13.5 Wyoming 14.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau The next value is 8.1 for Alaska, so we write a “1” next to the stem 8. When we are finished, we have the result shown in Figure 2.12(b). Step 3: For each stem, arrange its leaves in increasing order. The result is the stem-and-leaf plot, shown in Figure 2.12(c). 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 (a) 8 1 9 0 10 7 2 5 11 5 5 12 0 4 7 6 2 8 4 8 3 6 4 4 2 13 9 4 1 7 9 8 7 6 7 8 0 6 3 5 14 1 3 4 1 3 9 1 1 6 3 0 15 6 0 3 5 16 0 17 8 (b) 8 1 9 0 10 2 5 7 11 5 5 12 0 2 2 3 4 4 4 4 6 6 7 8 8 13 0 1 3 4 5 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 14 0 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 4 6 9 15 0 3 5 6 16 0 17 8 (c) Figure 2.12 Steps in the construction of a stem-and-leaf plot Rounding data for a stem-and-leaf plot Table 2.14 presents the particulate emissions for 65 vehicles. The first digits range from 0 to 6, and we would like to construct a stem-and-leaf plot with these digits as the stems. The problem is that this leaves two digits for the leaf, but the leaf must consist of only one digit. The solution to this problem is to round the data so that there will be only one digit for the leaf. Table 2.15 presents the particulate data rounded to two digits. Table 2.14 Particulate Emissions for 65 Vehicles 1.50 0.87 1.12 1.25 3.46 1.11 1.12 0.88 1.29 0.94 0.64 1.31 2.49 1.48 1.06 1.11 2.15 0.86 1.81 1.47 1.24 1.63 2.14 6.64 4.04 2.48 1.40 1.37 1.81 1.14 1.63 3.67 0.55 2.67 2.63 3.03 1.23 1.04 1.63 3.12 2.37 2.12 2.68 1.17 3.34 3.79 1.28 2.10 6.55 1.18 3.06 0.48 0.25 0.53 3.36 3.47 2.74 1.88 5.94 4.24 3.52 3.59 3.10 3.33 4.58
navidi_monk_essential_statistics_1e_ch1_3
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