Section 2.3 More Graphs for Quantitative Data 73 Year Male Female Year Male Female 1990 5380 6579 2000 5778 7377 1991 5571 6868 2001 6004 7711 1992 5583 6955 2002 6192 8065 1993 5484 6840 2003 6227 8253 1994 5422 6840 2004 6340 8441 1995 5401 6831 2005 6409 8555 1996 5421 6906 2006 6514 8671 1997 5469 6982 2007 6728 8876 1998 5446 6991 2008 7123 9372 1999 5559 7122 Source: National Center for Educational Statistics a. Construct a time-series plot for the male enrollment; then on the same axes, construct a time-series plot for the female enrollment. b. Which is growing faster, male enrollment or female enrollment? 29. Let’s eat: The following time-series plot presents the amount spent, in billions of dollars, on food by U.S. residents for the years 1992 through 2008. 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 Billion $ 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture a. Estimate the amount spent on food in 1996. b. Estimate the amount by which food expenditures increased between 2000 and 2008. c. True or false: The amount spent in 2008 is approximately twice as much as the amount spent in 1992. d. True or false: The amount spent increased every year from 1992 to 2008. 30. Going for gold: The following time-series plot presents the number of Summer Olympic events in which the United States won a gold medal in each Olympic year from 1948 to 2008. 100 80 60 40 20 0 Number of Gold Medals 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Source: The New York Times a. In one year, the United States did not participate in Summer games that were held in Moscow, in protest of the invasion of Afghanistan by the Soviet Union. Which year was this? b. In 1984, the Soviet Union did not participate in the Summer games held in Los Angeles, citing “undisguised threats” against their athletes. Estimate the number of gold medals won by the United States in that year. c. Other than 1980 and 1984, has the number of gold medals won by the United States been generally increasing, generally decreasing, or staying about the same? 31. Let’s go skiing: The following time-series plot presents the number of inches of snow falling in Denver each year from 1882 through 2009. 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Inches of Snow 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Source: National Weather Service a. Estimate the largest annual snowfall ever recorded in Denver. b. Was the year of the largest annual snowfall closest to 1900, 1910, or 1920? c. Was the amount of snowfall in the years 2000–2009 greater than, less than, or about equal to the snowfall in most other decades? d. True or false: The year with the least snowfall ever recorded in Denver was in the 1800s. e. True or false: It usually snows more than 80 inches per year in Denver. 32. Baseball salaries: The following time-series plot presents the average salary of Major League Baseball players for the years 1989–2008.
navidi_monk_essential_statistics_1e_ch1_3
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