Section 2.4 Graphs Can Be Misleading 79 9. Tying the knot: Data compiled by the U.S. Census Bureau suggests that the percentage of women who have never been married has increased over time. The following bar graph presents the percentages of women who had never married in the years 1970 and 2003. Does the bar graph present an accurate picture of the increase, or is it misleading? Explain. Percentage of Women Never Married, by Age Group and Year 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Percentage 1970 2003 Ages 20–24 Ages 25–29 Ages 30–34 Ages 35–39 10. Age at marriage: Data compiled by the U.S. Census Bureau suggests that the age at which women first marry has increased over time. The following time-series plot presents the average age at which women first marry for the years 1950–2000. Does the plot present an accurate picture of the increase, or is it misleading? Explain. 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Age 11. Female senators: Of the 100 members of the United States Senate in 2010, 83 were men and 17 were women. The following three-dimensional bar graph attempts to present this information. Male Senators Female Senators 100 80 60 40 20 0 a. Explain how this graph is misleading. b. Construct a graph (not necessarily three-dimensional) that presents this information accurately. 12. Food expenditures: Both of the following time-series plots present the percentage of income spent on food by U.S. residents for the years 1992 through 2008. (Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture) 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Percent 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 11.0 10.5 10.0 9.5 9.0 Percent 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 (A) (B)
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