Chapter 7: Summary Definition/Procedure Example The relationships between U.S. Customary units can be found on p. 433. 12 in. 1 ft 4 qt 1 gal 16 oz 1 lb Using Multiplication or Division to Convert Between Units 1) When converting from a larger unit to a smaller unit, use multiplication. 2) When converting from a smaller unit to a larger unit, use division. (p. 434) Convert 1.5 gal to quarts. Since we are going from a larger unit to a smaller unit, we will multiply. 1.5 gal 4 6 qt 4 qt 1 gal So, 1.5 gal 6 qt. Unit Fractions A unit fraction is a fraction that is equivalent to 1. We can write measurement equivalencies as unit fractions. (p. 435) We can write 12 in. 1 ft as the unit fraction 12 in. 1 ft or . 1 ft 12 in. Using Unit Analysis to Convert Between Units To convert from one unit of measurement to another, we multiply the measurement we are given by the appropriate unit fraction. (p. 436) Use unit analysis to convert 54 in. to feet. 54 in. 1 ft 12 in. 9 in. 1 54 1 ft 12 2 in. Divide 54 and 12 by 6; divide out the unit of inches. 9 ft 2 Multiply. 9 2 ft Simplify. 4 1 2 ft or 4.5 ft Write the fi nal answer as a mixed number or decimal. 7.1 Using U.S. Customary Measurements 7.2 The Metric System: Length The Metric System The metric system is based on multiples of 10. The basic unit of length is the meter. A meter is about 39.37 in. long, so it is a little longer than a yard. (p. 445) 0cm2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 100 Meterstick 0 in.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Yardstick Since the metric units of length are related to the meter, the units are described by using a prefi x on the word meter. Metric Units of Length 1 kilometer (km) 1000 m 1 hectometer (hm) 100 m 1 dekameter (dam) 10 m 1 meter (m) 1 m 1 decimeter (dm) 1 10 m or 0.1 m 1 centimeter (cm) 1 100 m or 0.01 m 1 millimeter (mm) 1 1000 m or 0.001 m The units used most often are kilometer, meter, centimeter, and millimeter. (p. 446) The measurements on the left allow us to state these additional relationships: Additional Relationships Between Metric Units of Length 10 decimeters 1 meter 100 centimeters 1 meter 1000 millimeters 1 meter 10 millimeters 1 centimeter 10 centimeters 1 decimeter www.mhhe.com/messersmith CHAPTER 7 Summary 483
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